肿瘤英文介绍文章肿瘤英语

肿瘤症状 2025-07-07 15:45肿瘤症状www.zhongliuw.cn

A tumor (neoplasm) is an abnormal mass of tissue resulting from uncontrolled cell growth, classified as:

Benign tumors: Slow-growing, non-invasive (e.g., lipoma)

Malignant tumors (cancer): Aggressive, metastatic (e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma)

Oncology: Study of tumors (Greek onkos = mass)

Carcinoma: Epithelial-origin cancer (e.g., lung adenocarcinoma)

Metastasis: Spread via blood/lymph systems

1. Sustained proliferation: Driven by oncogenes

2. Immune evasion: Disrupted T-cell function (e.g., IFNγ suppression)

3. Metabolic reprogramming: Altered energy pathways

Response criteria: CR (complete remission), PR (≥30% shrinkage), PD (≥20% growth)

Staging: TNM system (Tumor size, Node involvement, Metastasis)

Immunotherapy: STAT3 degradation to enhance dendritic cell function

Precision medicine: BRAF inhibitors for thyroid cancer

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